芳基氯偶联难、底物不耐受?Buchwald 膦配体 + 新一代 Pd 预催化剂组合方案
2026-09-17 · 推荐产品 · 百灵威授权转载
芳基氯底物成本低、来源广,但 C-Cl 键键能高、难以活化,且敏感底物易发生副反应,一直是偶联反应中的难点。Buchwald 系列联苯膦配体通过大位阻骨架 + 富电子磷中心的设计,能显著提升钯中心的氧化加成活性,搭配预络合结构的新一代钯预催化剂,无需现场配位,操作简便、稳定性强,是工业界与学术界活化芳基氯的首选方案。
前沿研究案例
1. 中科院化学所杨吉民团队 [1],基于 “3D 苯环模拟” 策略开发新型降冰片烯骨架单膦配体,搭配钯预催化剂在 2 ppm 超低负载下实现多杂环芳基氯与胺的 Buchwald-Hartwig 偶联,TON 高达 490000,为目前该类反应最高记录,适配大规模 C-N 键构建场景。
2. 德国慕尼黑大学化学团队 [2],采用 tBuBrettPhos 型钯预催化剂实现磺酰亚胺与杂芳基氯的室温 N - 芳基化,耐受游离氨基、羟基、羧基等敏感官能团,可直接用于药物分子的后期骨架修饰。
3. Umicore 催化技术团队 [3],在应用综述中总结 G2/G3 三代 Buchwald 钯预催化剂核心优势:预络合活性结构无需现场配体配位,批次稳定性高,可覆盖 Suzuki、Buchwald、Negishi 等多种偶联反应,更适合工艺筛选与工业化放大。
百灵威提供各类钯催化剂、 Buchwald 膦配体及相关产品,支持小试样品到公斤级供货,助力交叉偶联工艺开发。
Pd预催化剂
| 品名 | CAS | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| Chloro(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-di-i-propoxy-1,1'-biphenyl)(2-amino-1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)palladium(II), 98% 氯(2-二环己基膦基-2',6'-二-异丙氧基-1,1'-联苯基)(2-氨基-1,1'-联苯-2-基)钯(II) | 1375325-68-0 | 1484800新 |
| Chloro(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-tri-i-propyl-1,1'-biphenyl)(2'-amino-1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl) palladium(II), min. 98% [XPhos Palladacycle Gen. 2] 氯(2-二环己基膦基-2',4',6'-三-异丙基-1,1'-联苯基)(2'-氨基-1,1'-联苯-2-基)钯(II) | 1310584-14-5 | 46-0281 |
| Chloro(2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2,6-di-i-Propoxy-1,1-Biphenyl)[2-(2-Aminoethylphenyl)]Palladium(II), 98% 氯(2-二环己膦基-2,6-二I-丙氧基-1,1-联苯)[2-(2-氨基乙基苯基)]钯(Ⅱ) | 1028206-60-1 | 904240 |
| Methanesulfonato(tri-t-butylphosphino)(2'-methylamino-1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)palladium(II), 98% [P(t-Bu)₃ Palladacycle Gen. 4] 甲磺酸(三叔丁基膦基)(2'-甲氨基-1,1'-联苯-2-基)钯(II) | 1621274-11-0 | 46-0385 |
| Methanesulfonato(diadamantyl-n-butylphosphino)-2'-amino-1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)palladium(II) dichloromethane adduct, min. 95% [cataCXium® A Palladacycle Gen. 3] 甲磺酸根(二金刚烷基-正丁基膦基)-2'-氨基-1,1'-联苯-2-基)钯(II)二氯甲烷加合物 | 1651823-59-4 | 46-0278 |
| Methanesulfonato(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-dimethoxy-1,1'-biphenyl)(2'-methylamino-1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)palladium(II) dichloromethane adduct min. 98% [SPhos Palladacycle Gen. 4] 甲烷磺酸(2-二环己基膦基-2',6'-二甲氧基-1,1'-联苯基)(2'-甲氨基-1,1'-联苯-2-基)钯(II) 二氯甲烷加合物 | 1599466-87-1 | 46-0380 |
Buchwald 膦配体
| 品名 | CAS | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| 2-(Di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl, 99% 2-(二叔丁基膦)联苯 | 224311-51-7 | 912127 |
| 2-(Dicyclohexylphosphino)-2',4',6'-tri-i-propyl-1,1'-biphenyl, min. 98% XPhos 2-(二环己基磷)-2',4',6'-三-异丙基-1,1'-联苯 | 564483-18-7 | 15-1149 |
| 2-(Di-t-butylphosphino)-3,6-dimethoxy-2'-4'-6'-tri-i-propyl-1,1'-biphenyl, 98% 2-(二叔丁基膦)-3,6-二甲氧基-2'-4'-6'-三-异丙基-1,1'-双苯基 | 1160861-53-9 | 1093892 |
经典钯源
| 品名 | CAS | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| Palladium(II) chloride, 99.9%, 59.8% Pd 氯化钯(II) | 7647-10-1 | 257707 |
| Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0), 98%, ≥22.7% (as Pd) 三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0) | 51364-51-3 | 963490 |
| Bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium, 98% 双(二亚苄基丙酮)钯(0) | 32005-36-0 | 141541 |
| Bis(acetylacetonato)palladium(II), 99% 双(乙酰丙酮)钯(II) | 14024-61-4 | 479131 |
| Tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) tetrafluoroborate, min. 98% 四(乙腈)四氟硼酸钯(II) | 21797-13-7 | 46-2145 |
| Allylpalladium(II) chloride dimer, 98% 氯化烯丙基钯(II)二聚物 | 12012-95-2 | 982398 |
| Palladium(II) acetate, min. 98% (99.9+%-Pd) 醋酸钯(II) | 3375-31-3 | 46-1780促 |
| Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II), 99.9%, 36% Pd 四氯钯酸(II)钠 | 13820-53-6 | 132187 |
| Palladium(II) trifluoroacetate, 32% Pd 三氟乙酸钯(II) | 42196-31-6 | 450751 |
| Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0), 98%, 17.5 - 23.2% Pd 三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0) | 51364-51-3 | 141542 |
| Dichlorobis(benzonitrile)palladium(II), 98% 双(苄腈)二氯化钯(II) | 14220-64-5 | 411434 |
| Dichloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene)palladium(II), 99% (1,5-环辛二烯)二氯化钯(II) | 12107-56-1 | 607604 |
| Di-μ-chlorobis[(1,2,3-≈)-1-phenyl-2-propenyl]dipalladium(II), 98% 二-双[(1,2,3)-1-苯基- 2 -丙烯]二钯(II),98% | 12131-44-1 | 46-0295 |
| Palladium(II) nitrate hydrate (Pd ~40%) (99.9%-Pd) 硝酸钯水合物 | 207596-32-5 | 93-4608 |
| Palladium(II) bromide, 99% 溴化钯 | 13444-94-5 | 373191 |
富电子膦配体
| 品名 | CAS | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| Tricyclohexylphosphine, 97% 三环己基膦 | 2622-14-2 | 128983 |
| Tri-tert-butylphosphine, 10 wt.% solution in toluene, J&Kseal 三叔丁基膦 | 13716-12-6 | 971046 |
超干溶剂
| 品名 | CAS | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| Tetrahydrofuran, 99.9%, SuperDry, stabilized with 250 ppm BHT, Water≤50 ppm, J&KSeal 四氢呋喃 | 109-99-9 | 315353促 危化品 |
| Acetonitrile, 99.9%, SuperDry, with molecular sieves, water≤50 ppm, J&KSeal 乙腈 | 75-05-8 | 939631促 危化品 |
| 1,2-Dichloroethane, 99.5%, SuperDry, water≤30 ppm, J&Kseal 1,2-二氯乙烷 | 107-06-2 | 991050促 危化品 |
| 1,4-Dioxane, 99.5%, SuperDry, with molecular sieves, stabilized with BHT, J&Kseal, water≤50 ppm 1,4-二氧六环 | 123-91-1 | 972869促 危化品 |
核磁检测试剂
| 品名 | CAS | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| Dimethyl sulfoxide-d6, 99.8 atom%D, contains 0.03% v/v TMS 氘代二甲基亚砜-d6 | 2206-27-1 | 182473促 |
| Chloroform-d, 99.8 atom%D, contains 0.03% v/v TMS, packed in 10*0.6 ml ampoules 氘代氯仿 | 865-49-6 | 240987促 |
| Tetrahydrofuran-d8, 99.5 atom%D 氘代四氢呋喃-d8 | 1693-74-9 | 247731 |
| Acetonitrile-d3, 99.8 atom%D 氘代乙腈-d3 | 2206-26-0 | 236920促 |
| Dichloromethane-d2, 99.8 atom%D 氘代二氯甲烷 | 1665-00-5 | 334919促 |
| Methanol-d4, 99.8 atom%D 氘代甲醇-d4 | 811-98-3 | 114655促 |
耗材
| 品名 | CAS | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| TLC silica gel plate (fluorescent indicator), GF254, layer thickness 0.2-0.25 mm, 100*100 mm, 80 pcs/pack 薄层色谱硅胶板(含荧光) | / | 983347 |
| Silica, powder, 200 mesh 硅胶 | 112945-52-5 | 227600 |
| Spotting capillary tube, I.D.:0.3mm, Length:100mm, 1000pcs/pack 玻璃点样毛细管 | / | 2734477 |
| 5 mm NMR Economy Sample Tube w/ Cap, 7″, High-Throughput 5毫米,高通量经济型核磁管,7英寸 | / | 1001281 |
| Digital stainless steel hotplate magnetic stirrer, with heating, heating temperature range: RT 340℃, power 550 W 数显不锈钢加热磁力搅拌器 | / | 1122416 |
| Magnetic stir bar, PTFE-coated, egg-shaped, A100 (6*10mm), 5 pcs/pack 聚四氟乙烯磁力搅拌子,椭圆型 | / | 1482821 |
参考文献
- Zhao Y T, Li Z Q, Gu X S, et al. Norbornane-Scaffold Monophosphines Inspired by Benzene Mimetics for Efficient C–N Coupling. CCS Chemistry, 2026. DOI: 10.31635/ccschem.026.202607641.
- Shen J, Stemmer J, Manna S, et al. Mild N‑Arylation of Sulfoximines With (Hetero)aryl Chlorides Enabled by α-Methylnaphthyl-tBuBrettPhos Palladium Triflate. Chemistry – A European Journal, 2026, 32(18): e202507641. DOI: 10.1002/chem.70908.
- Umicore PMC. Buchwald CX Precatalysts: G2/G3 Technology for Industrial Cross-Coupling. (2026). https://pmc.umicore.com/en/products/buchwald/.
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